Cosmetic surgery: practical guide to common procedures, risks and recovery

Cosmetic surgery can change how you look and feel, but it's also a medical choice that needs care. This short guide explains common procedures, what to expect, how to pick a surgeon, and recovery tips so you can make smarter decisions.

Common procedures and what they do

Breast augmentation and reduction adjust size and shape. Rhinoplasty reshapes the nose for function or appearance. Liposuction removes stubborn fat pockets. Facelifts and eyelid surgery refresh aging skin. Non-surgical options include fillers and Botox for quick, temporary changes. Each procedure has limits: think of results as improvements, not perfection. Talk with a surgeon about realistic outcomes and before-and-after photos.

Risks, recovery and practical advice

All surgeries carry risks: infection, bleeding, scarring, and unexpected reactions to anesthesia. Specific risks depend on the procedure and your health. Recovery time varies—days for fillers, weeks to months for major operations. Follow post-op instructions on wound care, activity limits, and medications. Rest, stay hydrated, and avoid smoking to speed healing. Plan for help at home for the first few days after major surgery.

Choosing the right surgeon matters more than price. Look for a certified plastic surgeon with hospital privileges and positive patient reviews. Ask to see a portfolio of recent cases similar to yours. During consultations, ask about complications, revision rates, and how they handle problems after surgery. If a clinic pressures you or offers deals that seem too good to be true, walk away.

Ask these essential questions before you book: What are the realistic results for someone like me? Where will the procedure be performed—clinic or hospital? What are the total costs including anesthesia, facility fees, and follow-up visits? How long will recovery take and when can I return to work? What happens if I’m unhappy with the result?

Cost varies widely by procedure and location. Consider budget for extra expenses: time off work, garments, medications, and possible revisions. Check whether any part of your procedure is covered by insurance—sometimes functional fixes like breathing issues after rhinoplasty qualify.

Prepare mentally and physically. Get medical clearance if you have chronic conditions. Avoid blood thinners and certain supplements before surgery, based on your surgeon's advice. Keep realistic expectations: photos can guide, but your unique anatomy sets final limits. Recovery also depends on age, overall health, and adherence to care instructions.

If you’re exploring options, start by researching reliable clinics, reading patient stories, and booking consultations. Take photos and notes during visits, and give yourself time to decide—this is not a rushed choice. Good planning reduces stress and improves your chances of a smooth result.

Quick checklist before surgery: confirm surgeon credentials and hospital privileges, get written cost breakdown, stop smoking at least four weeks before, arrange post-op transport and home care, prepare loose clothing and necessary prescriptions, plan time off work with employer, and keep an emergency contact handy. Photograph the area before surgery for comparison. Ask about pain control and follow-up schedule. Bring someone to drive.